Surge type washing machine



April 1953 P. P. BAZARNIC 2,636,504

SURGE TYPE WASHING MACHINE Filed June 18, 1947 2 SHEETS-SHEET 1 April 1953 P. P. AZARNIc 2,636,504 TYPE WASHING MACHINE Filed June'is, 1947 I 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2 Patented Apr. 28, 195 3 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 16 Claims.

This invention relates to washing machines and more particularly to portable dish washing machines. The apparatus of this application is similar in principle to that disclosed in my copending application Serial No. 545,347, filed July 17, 1944, now abandoned.

It. is one-of the objects of the present invention to provide a washing machine in which displacers are moved up and down adjacent the ends of the tub to cause a movement of detergent liquid in the tub over the articles to be washed.

Another object is to provide a Washing machine in which at least a portion of the washing action is produced by spillage of the detergent liquid over the articles to be washed.

According to a preferred construction both displacement and spillage are produced by the same displacer members.

Still another object is to provide a washing machine in which maximum cleaning capacity is provided for a given overall size. ferred construction the displacers extend through only a portion of the width of the tub and deflector means are provided to distribute flow of detergent liquid throughout the entire tub.

A further object is to provide a washing machine which is simple and inexpensive to construct which embodies a minimum number of parts and which provides a maximum agitation of detergent liquid with a minimum power consumption.

A still further object is to provide a washing machine in which a hollow casing wall part serves both as a liquid deflector and as a motor housing.

Another object is to provide a washing machine in which the bottom of the tube is formed with a flange to provide a storage compartment for supply and drain hoses and the like.

The above and other objects and advantages of the invention will be more readily apparent when read in connection with the accompanying drawings, inwhich- Figure 1 is a plan view of a washing machine embodying the invention with the cover removed;

Figure 2 is a transverse section on the line 2-2 of Figure l with the basket removed;

Figure 3 is a longitudinal section on the line 3--3 of Figure 1 showing the displacers of the In the prewashing machine moved from the horizontal and Figure 5 is a perspective assembly.

view of the displacer Figure 4 is a perspective view of the basket;

scribed later.

The washing machine, as shown, is a portable type of dish washing machine which may easily be moved from place to place for storage or for use. The machine comprises a tub l0 which may be cast or molded of light metal or plastics and which is generally rectangular in plan. -At its upper edge the tub is formed with an outwardly and upwardly extending flange portion ll forming a seat for the edge of a cover I2. The cover preferably has a resilient rubber grommet l3 at its periphery to seat on the flange ll thereby to close the top of the tub.

Adjacent one side at the bottom portion of the tub, an inwardly curved wall portion I4 is provided which connects to the bottom of the tub, as shown at l5. As best seen in Figures 1 and 2, the inwardly curved end wall portion extends only partially across the width of the tub leaving the remainder of the tub of full length and terminating in relatively square corners at the point where it joins the tub bottom. Centrally at the side of the tub at which the curved wall portions I4 are formed, the tub side wall is inset as shown at l5 to provide a central hollow projection closed at its top. The projeci tion is of relatively short length lengthwise of the tub, as seen in Figure 1.

The tub is adapted to receive a basket which may be of woven wire or which may be molded from plastics or the like, if desired. The basket is shaped to fit into the tub and has an end portion l6 which is of the full length of the tub connected to a shorter portion formed I! with arcuately curved ends to lie opposite the curved wall portions I4.- I The shorter portion ll of the basket is of such a length that it will leave spaces ll' between the ends of the basket portion I! and the ends of the tub. As seen in Figure 3, these spaces are arcuately curved to provide space to receive the displacers to be de- The outer end of the portion I! of the basket is inset as indicated at 18 to register with the projection I5 on the side wall of the tub. Thus the basket can be dropped vertically into the open top of the'tub and will be accurately located by engagement of the basket portion [6 with the adjacent end and side walls of the tub and by engagement of the inset portion I8 with the projecting wall portion l5.

The basket may, if desired, contain racks or the like, not shown, to hold dishes and similar articles during the washing operation.

The washing action is produced by means of displacers movable in the spaces ll alternately up and down. The displacers are carried by a lever l9 which is offset at'its center to fit around the inset i8 and which extends along the adjacent side wall of the tub substantially to the ends thereof. The lever i9 is pivoted at its center on a bearing block 2! secured in the tub and spanning the space between the offset wall It and the outer vertical W2. 22 of the tub. The lever may be connected to a shaft which extends through the bearing block 2! and. terminates outside of the outer casing wall 22.

At its ends the lever i9 carries displacers .24 which may be formed of sheetmetal or molded of plastics or the like, as desired. Each displacer, as best seen in Figure 3, comprises a generally triangular portion which is hollow and which is formed with an opening 25 in its bottom. A Ver tical wall portion 26 which may be a continuation of the lever !9 extends along the outer ed e of the displacers to form open top pockets 2 in the top of the displacers to carry liquid up from the tub. The displacers are of a length and width substantially to fill the spaces it, as seen in Figure 3 while leaving adequate clearance to prevent interference with their free motion.

The levers and displacers are adapted to be driven by an electric motor 23 which is mounted in the space formed by the oifset wall Themotor shaft extends through the outer casing wall 2?. and carries a crank 29 which is connected through a link 3i to a lever 32 on the shaft 23. As the motor turns, the lever 32 will be rocked to oscillate the shaft 23 thereby to rock the lever 19. This will cause the displacers to move alternately up and down in the spaces i? to produce a washing action. If desired, the lever and linkage mechanism may be covered by a removable cap 33 to prevent damage thereto.

In order to provide storage space for filling and drain hoses and the like, the tub is formed with a peripheral flange 34 at its bottom which extends below the bottom it of the tub. The flange may be closed by a cover plate 35 detachably. connected to posts 35 on the tub bottom so that it can easily be removed. The space between the bottom of the tub and the cover plate 35 provides a convenient storage space for filling hoses, drain hoses and the like As shown in Figure l, the tub may be provided with a drain. opening 3]. adjacent one corner thereof to which a drain hose 321 is connected. The drain hose preferably extends through an opening in. the flange 3,4.

In, u in e machin i may e partially lled ith. a de r n li uid uc as soap. and Water to a level approximately one-fourth to, one-third of the way up from the tub bottom. The articles to be washed y e. l ced n the basket. and.

the cover l2 may be placed on top of the tub. When the motor is started, the displaceis, will move alternately up and down in the spaces :3 to produce agitation of the detergent. According to the present invention the agitation takes the form oi. both displacement and spillage to pro duce a highly efficient washing action. Thus as one of the displacers moves down it forces liquid from its end of the tub toward the opposite end of, the tub in which the displacer is moving up. Thehollow displacer constructionproduces a suction eliect atthe rising displacer to assist in cause ing the liquid to flow. Thus as the displacers.alternately move up and down, the liquid flows from endvto end of the tub over-the articles to be cleaned to produce an eficient cleaning action.

During fiow of the liquiddue to the displacing action the flow streams will strike the projection 15 and willbe deflected thereby partially across the tub so that all ofthe articles in the tub-will- 4 liquid. As seen in Figure l, the projection I5 will tend to direct the flowing liquid more or less diagonally across the tub so that the agitating effeet will reach the far corners of the tub and will efiectively clean all of the articles contained in the basket.

At the same time that the articles are subiected to cleaning due to displacement of the liquid, they are additionally cleaned by spillage of the detergent liquid over them. vAs each of the displacers moves downward into the liquid, the pocket in the top thereof becomes filled. When the displacer subsequently moves up to the position shown at the left in Figure 3, the liquid contained in the pocket will spill out and will be deflected by the cover over the articles contained in the basket. Thus all of the articles are simultaneously subjected to a flow of liquid thereacross due to a displacement action and to a down flow of liquid thereover due to the spillage action. Thus a very eiiicient and rapid washing is produced with a minimum of power consumption.

While one embodiment of the invention has been shown and described in detail herein, it will be understood that this is illustrative only and is not to be taken as a definition of the scope of the invention, reference being had for this purpose to the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. A washing machine comprising a tub adapted to contain detergent: liquid, the tub having spaced ends and the interior thereof being substantially unobstructed between the ends, a basket. in the central part of the tub extending to the bottom thereof to hold articles to be washed, the basket being shorter, in length than the tub to leave spaces between the. ends. of the basket and the ends of the tub and the ends of the basket. adjacent said spaces being perforated, displacers movable in the spaces, means connecting the displacersv to raise. and lower them alternately, the displacers when moving downward causing a. surging of liquid from. said spaces. through. the. basket and around the articles therein, and means forming liquid holding. buckets in the top of the displacers whereby the; displacers will carry up liquid and spill it over the articles, in the ba k t.

2. A washing machinecomprising a. tub adapted to contain detergent liquid, the tub having spaced ends and the interior thereof being substantially unobstructed between the. ends, a basket in the central part of the tub extending to; the bottom thereof to, hold articles to be washed. the basket being shorter in length than the; tub to leave spaces between the, ends or; the basket and the ends of the tub andthe endsofthe basket.- adjacent said spaces beingv perforated, displacers movable in the spaces, means connecting the-- displacers to raise and lower them. alternately, the displacerswhen moving downward causing a surging of liquid from said. spaces throughthe basket and around the articles. therein, the displacers being formed to carry liquid upward to a point. adjacent; the top of: the, basket, and means closing thetop of the tub to directliquid, so carried up, over the articles in the. basket.

3. A washing machine comprising a tub adapt:- ed to contain. a deter nt liquid, the'tub. having. spaced ends and the interior thereof. being, sub.- stantially. unobstructed. between the ends, a basket in the central part of the tub extending; tothe, bottom thereof to holdarticles to, be.Washe d, the basket being shorter in length than the tub.- to.leave-.spaces-between the-ends,- of the basket be subjected to thfl fitionof,thefiowinggagitated. and the ends of the tub and the ends of: the;

basket adjacent said spaces being perforated, displacers movable in said spaces, and lever means pivoted about a horizontal axis substantially central of the tub rigidly carrying the displacers, the displacers when moving downward causing a surging of liquid from said spaces.

through the basket and around the articles therein.

4. A washing machine comprising a tub adapted to contain a detergent liquid, the tub having spaced ends and the interior thereof being substantially unobstructed between the ends, a basket in the central part of the tub extending to the bottom thereof to hold articles to be washed, the basket being shorter in length than the tub to leave spaces between the ends of the basket and the ends of the tub and the ends of the.

basket adjacent said spaces being perforated, displacers movable in said spaces, lever means pivoted about a horizontal axis substantially central of the tub rigidly carrying the displacers, the displacers when moving downward causing a surging of liquid from said spaces through the basket and around the articles therein, and means forming liquid holding buckets in the tops of the displacers to carry up liquid from the tub and discharge it over articles in the basket.

5. A washing machine comprising a tub adapted to contain a detergent liquid, the tub having spaced ends and the interior thereof being substantially unobstructed between the ends, a basket in the central part of the tub extending tothe bottom thereof to hold articles to be washed, the basket being shorter in length than the tub to leave spaces between the ends of the basket and the ends of the tub and the ends of the basket adjacent said spaces being perforated, displacers movable in said spaces, lever means pivoted about a horizontal axis substantially central of the tub rigidly carrying the displacers, the displacers when moving downward causing a surging of liquid from said spaces through the basket and around the articles therein, the ends of the tub being curved in vertical planes about said axis.

6. A washing machine comprising a tub adapted to contain a detergent liquid, the tub having spaced ends and the interior thereof being substantially unobstructed between the ends, a basket in the central part of the tub extending to the bottom thereof to hold articles to be washed, the basket being shorter in length than the tub to leave spaces between the ends of the basket and the ends of the tub and the ends of the basket adjacent said spaces being perforated, displacers movable in said spaces, lever means pivoted about a horizontal axis substantially central of the tub rigidly carrying the displacers, the displacers when moving downward causing a surging of liquid from said spaces through the basket and around the articles therein, the displacers being formed to carry liquid from the tub to a point adjacent the top of the basket, and means closing the top of the tub to direct liquid, so carried up, over articles in the basket.

7. A washing machine comprising a tub adapted to contain a detergent liquid, the tub having spaced ends and the interior thereof being substantially unobstructed between the ends, a basket in the central part of the tub extending to the bottom thereof to hold articles to be washed, the basket being shorter in length than the tub to leave spaces between the ends of th basket and the ends of the tub and the ends of the basket adjacent said spaces being perforated,

and bucket members open at their tops movable vertically in the spaces to pick up liquid fromthe tub and discharge it over articles in the basket, the bucket members when moving downward causing a surging of liquid from said spaces through the basket 8. A washing machine comprising a tub adapted to contain a detergent liquid, the tub having spaced ends and the interior thereof being substantially unobstructed between the ends, a basket in the central part of the tub extending to the bottom thereof to hold articles to be washed,

the basket being shorter in length than the tub to leave spaces between the ends of the basket and the ends of the tub and the ends of the basket 9. A washing machine comprising a tub adapted to contain a detergent liquid, the tub having spaced ends and the interior thereof being substantially unobstructed between the ends, a basket in the central part of the tub extending to the bottom thereof to hold articles to be washed, the basket being shorter in length than the tub to leave spaces between the ends of the basket and the ends of the tub and the ends of the basket adjacent said spaces being perforated, and hollow displacers movable alternately up and down in said spaces, the displacers when moving downward causing a surging of liquid from'said spaces through the basket and around the articles therein, said displacers having openings in their bottoms and defining chambers which are closed except for said openings and having means at their tops forming pockets to pick up liquid and carry it to a level above the top of the basket.

10. A washing machine comprising a tub adapted to contain a detergent liquid, the. tub having spaced ends and the interior thereof being sub stantially unobstructed between the ends, a basket in the central part of the tub extending to the bottom thereof to hold articles to be washed, the basket being shorter in length than the tub to leave spaces between the ends of the basket and the ends of the tub and the ends of the basket adjacent said spaces being perforated, displacers movable alternately up and down in said spaces, the displacers when moving downward causing a surging of liquid from said spaces through the basket and around the articles therein, and an inward projection at one side of the tub between the displacers.

11. A washing machine comprising a tub adapted to contain a detergent liquid, the tub having spaced ends and the interior thereof being substantially unobstructed between the ends, a basket in the central part of the tub extending to the bottom thereof to hold articles to be washed, the basket being shorter in length than the tub to leave spaces between the ends of the basket and the ends of the tub and the ends of the basket adjacent said spaces being perforated, an inward projection at one side of the tub between the ends, a lever pivoted on the inward projection, and displacers carried by the ends of the lever and movable alternately up and down in said spaces, the displacers when moving downward causing a surging of liquid from said spaces and around the articles thereare closed through the basket and around the articles there- 12, A washing machine comprising a tub gen.-. erally rectangular in plan having its end walls cnrvedinwardiadiacent one side and throughoutaportion onlyvof the tub width, a basket fitting in the tub and extending to the bottom thereofand havinga portionshorter in length than the tub toleavespaces between the ends cfthe basket and the ends of thetub throughout said inwardly curved portion"v of the tub width, said ends of the basket being perforated, displacers movable alternately up and down in said spaces, the displacers whenmoving downward causing a surg ing of liquid from said spaces through the basket and around the articles therein, and means at said .oneside of the tub to deflect liquid moved icy-the displacers toward the other side of the tub.

13;. ii-washing; machine comprising. a tubgen erally rectangular in plan having. its end walls curved inward adjacent one side and throughout avportion only of the. tub width, ,a basket fitting in the tub and extending to thebottom thereof and having a nortionshorter in length than the tub tozleave; spaces between-the ends of the basket and the: ends of the tub throughout said inwardly curved portion of the tub width, said ends of the basket being perforated, displacers movable alternately up: and down; in said: spaces, the dis-v placers' when .moving downward causing a surging of liquid from said spaces through the basket and" around the articles therein, and means at the top: of? the displaoers to pick up liquid and: carry itto a levelabove the top of the basket,

14. A washing machine comprising a tub generally rectangular in. plan having its end walls curved. inward adjacent. one side: and throughout a portion only of the tub; width, a basket fittingin the tub: and extending, to the: bottom thereof and having a; portion shorter in length than the tub torleav'e spaces between the endsof the" basket and the ends. of the tub: throughoutsaid inwardly curyedzportion of the tub width, said ends of the basketbeing perforated, displacers movable alternately upzand down in said spaces, the displacers when moving downward causing a surgin of liquid from said spaces" through the basket andaround the articles therein, a vertical. inwardly pl oiectins. wa port n position d cent al y of saidione-side of thetub to deflect liquid-Y moved by the displacers toward the other side of the tub.

15. A washing machine comprising a tub gfenera'lly rectangular in plan having its end walls curved inward adjacent one side and throughout a portion only of the tub width, a basket fittin in the tub and extending to the bottom thereof andhaving a portion shorter in length than the tub to leave spaces between the ends of the basket and: the ends of the tub throughout said inwardly curvedportion of the-tub width, said ends of the basket being perforated, displacers movable alter-- nately up and down insaid spaces, the displacers when moving downward causing a surging of liquid from said spaces through the basket and around the articles therein, the central part of the side wall at said one side of the tub being inwardly onset to provide a hollow space at said one side of the tub, and driving means for move ing the displacer-s mounted in said space.

16. A washing machine comprising a-tubigeneorally rectangular in plan having its end walls curved inward adjacent one side and throughouta portion only of the tub width, a basket fitting in the tub andeXtendi-ng to the bottom thereof and having a; portion shorter in length than thetubto leave-spaces between the ends of the basket and the ends of the tub; throughout said inwardly curved portion of the tub width, displacers movable alternately up and down in said spaces, the displacers when moving downward causing a surging of liquid from said spaces through the basket and around the articles therein, the central part of the side wall at said one side of the tub being inwardly offset to provide a hollow spaceat said one side of the tub, a lever pivoted on said offset wall part and carrying the displacers at its ends, and driving means mounted in said space and connected to the lever to oscillate it.

PETER P. BAZARN-IC.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 321,105 Kitcheil r May 22; 1906 935,949 Landingham' Oct. 5, 1969 994,984 Dennis June 13, I911 

